United States

United States is the best model of a low red tape, low transaction costs government, with wide ranging transparency covering from public expenditures to private property. This reduces opportunities for corruption. Public accountability arrangements vary from federal to state level and across states, and so does corruption, but both legal and normative constraints are generally high. Media and civil society are very active in monitoring government favoritism, especially legal favoritism and political corruption. US has also been the first country in the world to have introduced legislation forbidding bribing abroad, and remains the most active enforcer of public integrity internationally. There is growing concern that both internally and externally the promotion of public integrity will backslide under the current presidency.