Citizen Action Network for Accountability (CANA)

The Citizen Action Network for Accountability in the Philippines works to improve public services provided in our communities in general and to the poorest and most marginalized in particular.

CANA believes simply that more we ordinary people can understand and engage the government, the more accountable and effective we can all hold it to be.

Latest Work

Citizens force city to improve quality control of public works: A simple story on how citizen action compelled the government to repair a foot bridge previously declared complete yet unusable during rainy days.

Citizens encouraged to monitor government projects, spending: A national broadcast report in Filipino featuring CANA’s views and work in encouraging citizen action to fight corruption and demand for good governance.

Facebook: Citizen Action NetTwitter: @CitizenActionPH

logo

Fin al abuso (1st Campaign)

The project measures the amount of money annually stolen and diverted from education in Mexico, and holds a permanent campaign to advertise and display what could have been done in the education field in Mexico with the money that is lost to corruption. Additionally, “Fin al abuso” encourages citizens to join electronic campaigns and take legal action to demand that money spent on education is rightly used.

First campaign

Following up a three years movement named “Where is my teacher?”, Fin al abuso is leading a group of organizations demand for a single, complete and reliable registry of basic education teachers. The obligation to submit such registry was established in the enactment of the Mexican Federal Spending Decrees for 2010, 2011, and 2012; however, it does not exist so far.

Fin al Abuso, has detected (by name) 22,353 people, who are paid an income as teachers or principals, yet are not teaching. These people are the so-called “union commissioners” (UC) teacher union workers whose salaries cost Mexicans at least 1.7 billion pesos every year.

 Mexicanos Primero

“¡Fin al abuso!”  denounced this wrongdoing in 2012 and invited Mexicans to join the demand of more money to be allocated for education and less to be given to the Teachers Union.

The campaign collected signatures at public spaces, universities and forums; and had broad media presence in Mexico City, Tepic, Tijuana, Guadalajara and Monterrey.

In three months 230,240 citizens signed the campaign and 115 NGOs supported the initiative.

With each collected signature a letter demanding public resources to be well used was sent to the President of Mexico, the presidents of the Senate and House of Representatives, and the Ministers of Education and of Finance. If these Union Commissioners are essential to the SNTE (teachers’ union), then they should be paid from union dues deducted from teacher salaries. Those who signed received a reply from the federal authorities.

SEP (Secretariat of Public Education) and the SNTE reacted differing only in regards to the number of UC: SEP reported that there were “only12,704 commissioners whilst the SNTE admitted having over 160,000 commissioners.

In a second conference, Fin al Abuso published a document supported by the National Bar Association of Mexico (Ilustre y Nacional Colegio de Abogados de México) concluding that the payment of UC from the federal treasury is illegal.

 

 Twitter: @Finalabuso    •   YouTube: MexicanosPrimero  • Facebook: FinAlAbuso

Promoting transparency in the financing of political parties in Bulgaria I

The aim of the project is to increase the public awareness regarding the transparency of the political parties’ financing in the country through: 1. Realization of educational seminars and workshops; 2. Development of practical guidelines aimed at increasing the transparency in the financing of the political parties in the country; 3. Development and publication of a special TI index on the matter.

Typology of the corruption practices in higher education in Bulgaria and a strategy for counteraction

The project aimed to develop a typology of the various forms of corrupt activities in the higher education, to analyze reasons and systems proposals for institutional change. Some of its main activities include: 1. national representative polls of the universities and focus group discussions with the stakeholders in the educational system; 2. Work groups on the social roots of the various types and forms for corruption practices in the higher education; 3. preparation of a final report and recommendations for increasing the transparency in the higher education and combating the corruptive practices.

Promoting transparency in the financing of political parties in Bulgaria II

The aim of the project was to increase the public awareness regarding the transparency of the political parties’ financing in the country as well as to offer mechanisms for improvement. The outputs of the project were: 1. the identification of legal deficiencies with regard to the financing of political parties; 2. development of mechanisms for monitoring of the financing processes; 3. activities for involvement of the civil society in the monitoring process as well as the enchantment of the dialogue between the state institutions and the civil society organizations.

Monitoring of Public Services in Kosovo

BIRN seeks support to monitor the performance of public institutions in all the regions of Kosovo. Specifically, BIRN seeks support for the monitoring of courts, health and education structures in seven biggest municipalities of Kosovo and the regions surrounding them. Through monitoring these three most criticized public sectors in Kosovo, BIRN will hold public officials in charge for the well-functioning public services accountable, with a particular focus in courts and rule of law. By collecting the quantitative and qualitative data through municipal monitors in the sphere of rule of law, education and health BIRN will advocate for democratic reforms and contribute to breaking down the barriers for a European integration.

Integrity in education: a study on corruption and ethical principles in high schools

  • Project aim and locale

The project aims to raise awareness regarding the benefits of ethical behavior in high schools, both on the part of teachers and administrative staff, as well as students and parents.

  • Project outcomes

• 8 focus groups with representatives of target groups;

• 4 training courses

• 1 final seminar to disseminate good practices and information on internal complaint mechanisms;

• 1 guide on applying ethical principles and fighting corruption in high schools.

Youth initiative against corruption in Sliven

The project aimed to change the attitude of young people towards corruption through initiation of anti-corruption course in high-schools in the Sliven region. For the purpose, the project developed a program for anti-corruption education that included group simulations, case resolution in areas such as mediation and lobbying, money laundering, conflict of interests etc. Some of the project outputs included: 1. a sociological survey; 2. a round table with municipal representatives, lawyers, non-profit youth organizations, the civil association Public Barometer and students from the four surveyed schools; 3. development of a three-module training program; 4. a press conference.

Youth Against Corruption (Jaunimas pries korupcija)

Objectives

The aim of this project was to educate the younger generation (future citizens of European Union) in the sense of awareness in the sphere of corruption, so that a new generation cherishing the moral values, following the civilized patterns of behavior – both on a personal and official level- could be brought up.

Beneficiaries in Lithuania

  • 3 000 direct beneficiaries.  High school and university students, members of debate clubs.
  • 20 000 indirect beneficiaries.  Members of local communities (other school and university students, teachers, parents, friends, officials of various local governmental institutions), members of national governmental institutions (Parliament, ministries).

Main activities

  • Teacher training seminar – outcome: a developed anti-corruption curriculum meant for working with students in clubs (3 days, 40 participants).
  • Public introduction of the proposed curriculum in local communities and show debates
  • Public debates, round table discussions at local communities, local and national governmental institutions were carried out  throughout the year.
  • Debate tournaments on corruption related issues 2 national (350 participants).
  • Topics: “Punishment for Bribery Should be Made More Strict”; “Anti-corruption Education should be Introduced into School Curriculum”.
  • Organizing “The best anti-corruption poster and slogan” competition and publishing of the calendar “Youth Against Corruption 2003” with best posters and slogans.
  • Organizing anti-corruption campaigns in all 17 cities and towns, giving anti-corruption calendars as gifts to all Members of Parliament, local and national authorities.
  • Anti-corruption Youth Forum (Druskininkai, June 20 – 30th, 2003).
  • Topic: “EU should introduce anti-corruption policy in its member states” ( 340 participants )
  • Compiling data of the project, evaluating results, preparing materials for publications, disseminating the publications and other outputs (August 2003).
  • Follow-up activity: International Anti-corruption Youth Forum (Druskininkai , September 2003). Participants from Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Moldova and Kazakhstan
  • Presentation of Anti-Corruption Action Plan at the Parliament. (September 2003).

Results

  • Increased awareness of the problem of corruption and active involvement of young people into the activities of anti-corruption campaign all over Lithuania.
  • Comparative analysis and evaluation of the results of the questionnaires filled in by young people before the beginning of the project and at the end of it.
  • Compiled materials, which will be ready for dissemination in other schools and local communities of Lithuania;
  • Cooperation with other organizations dealing with corruption in the country (Special Investigation Service, Transparency International, Lithuania Chapter).
  • Cooperation and a joint activity (“International Anticorruption Youth Forum”) with the young people from other countries (Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Poland, Belorus, Moldova and Kazakhstan).
  • Creation of a charter “Youth Against Corruption” and presentation of it to the department in Parliament dealing with corruption.

Budget

65.970,11 EUR

Donors

Open Society Fund-Lithuania, Ministry of Education and Science of the RL, The Kazickas Family Foundation, International Debate Education Association (IDEA), Democracy Commission, US Embassy U.S. Embassy, Baltic American Partnership Program, East-East Program Open Society Fund-Lithuania, Council of Europe Information Centre, British Embassy

Read the report here.

Pedagogical model for anti-corruption education in secondary schools

The project aimed at introducing anti-corruption education in the secondary schools trough the elaboration of an applied pedagogical model with the participation of teachers, pupils and parents. Some of its expected results were:

  • Analysis of corruption in the secondary education, review of the international experience in civil education;
  • Teaching syllabus and programs;
  • Methodological manual for teachers;
  • Training seminar with teachers;
  • Pilot model approbation;
  • Information and media campaign

Results

 

January 2004

The project was launched  as the project team consisting of experts and an administrative assistant was made up and they took to performing the scheduled activities.

February-March 2004

An empirical sociological survey was conducted among secondary school students, teachers and parents from Sofia. Its findings were crucial for the project’s goal since the particular corruption practices, attitudes and perceptions could be incorporated into civil and anti-corruption curricula. The sample covered 193 students, 128 parents and 129 teachers.The surveyed units were defined through a two-stage cluster sample. This sample was representative for the groups surveyed (secondary school students, parents and teachers) from the city of Sofia.

On 27 February, 2004 a press conference informing about the launch of the project was delivered at the press club of the Sofia Press Agency. It was attended by representatives of partner organizations and reporters from over ten media.

March-April 2004

A series of working meetings were held with the managing staff and boards of trustees of the two schools where the core part of the project was to be carried out: 135th Secondary General School Jan Amos Komenski and the National Secondary School of Trade and Banking. The meetings served to negotiate the project activity schedule, the responsibilities of the parties, and the manner of communication in the course of the project. Teachers that were to take part in the project were also selected.

May 2004

The sociological survey findings were processed. The statistics received was rather valuable in terms of the implications it had for the education process in the following project stages. The data drawn from the interviews complemented the information gathered in the two focus groups from the first trimester which featured 17 randomly selected secondary school teachers. The main causes of secondary school corruption as defined with the help of these two tools were:

• the general crisis of values in society;

• the crisis of family relations and family upbringing;

• the lack of basic material comfort and education facilities at schools;

• teacher underpayment;

• the sense of impunity;

• the lack of effective anti-corruption actions on the part of the public authorities (especially the judiciary);

• the public schools funding system which lags far behind modern requirements;

• the fuzzy rules on private tutoring by public school teachers;

• violations in the entrance competitions at top-rating secondary schools.

June-August 2004

Anti-corruption syllabi and curricula were developed consisting of separate modules fairly independent in contents. These modules were roughly based on the Anti-Corruption Manual previously developed by Coalition 2000. Model lesson plans were prepared for teachers to use during the try-out phase of the curricula. These included elements such as projects, role plays, group work, and a number of extracurricular and out-of-school activities. They involved an interdisciplinary approach with the possibility of using the plans in various academic subjects as well in special lessons in the weekly class-focused sessions.

November 2004

One of the project’s main lines of activity was teacher training aimed at enhancing teachers’ skills in civic education and anti-corruption. Their first training seminar was held on 12 -13 November 2004 at the Secondary School of Trade and Banking. It was attended by 30 teachers from the two target schools including their principals. The seminar was devoted to Methodology of Anti-Corruption Education Instruction.

On 26 November, 2004 the sequel of the on-site teacher training was held at the other participating school 135th School Jan Amos Komenski at which fourteen more teachers were trained. Among the training’s main topics were:

• civic education in EU countries;
• planning the education process;
• the essay as a testing tool.

January 2005

On 29-30 January 2005, at its closing conference the project team announced its secondary school corruption survey findings from the study it conducted in the two Sofia-based schools in 2004. The organizers also presented an electronic manual containing methodological hints, model curricula and teaching aids for possible anti-corruption courses at secondary schools. Its main highlights are:

• details about the Elisaveta Klark and Penka Kasabova Association;
• review of the project’s theoretical background;
• teacher training within the project;
• presentation of survey findings;
• foreign experience in civil education;
• modern approaches to education planning (model syllabi, lesson plans, etc.);
• innovative teaching methods;
• contemporary methods for student evaluation.

Source: http://www.anticorruption.bg/acartShow.php?id=6005

Social roots of the various types and forms for corruption practices in the higher education in Bulgaria (typological model of the most typical cases and strategies for counteraction)

The project aimed at providing analysis of the prerequisites and the conditions for corruption in the higher education, types of corruption in the universities and elaboration of a strategy for curbing corruption. The main project activities included qualitative studies – content and documentary analysis, expert assessments and evaluations.

Development and Dissemination of Programmes of Anti-Corruption Education

This project prolongs activities started with the project “Education against Corruption”” (2002-2003). The project was aimed to form values and develop skills, that form young people and their educators’ civic attitudes towards corruption. During the project: Training workshops for project participants delivered; Additional teaching materials for teachers prepared; In-service training programme “”Possibilities of Anti-corruption Education at a School of General Education”” developed and tested in pilot seminars; Project trainers from nine Lithuanian schools prepared; The integrated programme of anti-corruption education for a school of general education improved; Strategic plans of corruption prevention prepared in nine municipalities.”

Education against corruption

The project aimed to prepare a program and methodical recommendations of anti-corruption education for teachers of a school of general education.

The goal of the project was to prepare an integrated anti-corruption education program and methodological recommendations for schools teachers, prepare teachers-consultants, responsible for further development of the program. 32 teachers of Ethics, History, Religion, Political science, Civic education and Psychology from 11 Lithuanian schools participated in the project. The participants had a series of seminars on anti-corruption.

Project participants gained knowledge and techniques to apply anti-corruption education strategies during their own lessons and other educational activities; Integrated programme of anti-corruption education and methodical recommendations for a school of general education were developed.

 

Project was devoted to teachers and pupils of a school of general education, school and local communities. 32 teachers of Ethics, Psychology, Religion, History, Political Science, Civic Education from following schools participated in the project:

  • Anyksciai A.Baranauskas secondary school
  • Elektrenai secondary school “Azuolynas”
  • Gargzdai gymnasium “Vaivorykste”
  • Kedainiai secondary school “Atzalynas”
  • arijampole secondary school No.6
  • Mazeikiai secondary school “Venta”
  • Panevezys secondary school No.9
  • Pasvalys P.Vileisis gymnasium
  • Radviliskis Vaizgantas gymnasium
  • Raseiniai secondary school “Saltinis”
  • Siauliai St.Salkauskis secondary school

Other documents:

http://www.sdcentras.lt/antikorupcija/en/bl/bl_content.pdf

http://www.sdcentras.lt/antikorupcija/en/bl/bl_progr_en.pdf

http://www.sdcentras.lt/antikorupcija/en/bl/bl_lessons.pdf

DURATION: 2002 – 2003

Open Local Government

The project was performed as the continuation of 2006 project Youth for Transparency where three municipalities participated – Mazeikiai District Municipality, Elektrenai Municipality and Anyksciai District Municipality. Participants from these municipalities acted as trainers and experts in Open Local Government project. 7 new municipalities were involved into this project. The main aim of the project was to raise awareness of local community (local authorities, schools, youth, NGO, media ect.) of the necessity to play an active role in support of civil society. Project objectives were: To support local leaders for developing and multiplying of local programmes for anticorruption and transparency education in the region; To develop and implement local programmes for anticorruption and transparency education in leading municipalities; To promote local programmes for anticorruption and transparency education in the region by local teams through cooperation with media, NGOs, other communities; To built the international experience exchange and means of multiplying the programmes for anticorruption and transparency education on the local level. In total, there were 24 schools, 122 students, 56 teachers, 18 servants of municipalities directly participating in this project. The project consisted of: 1) Preparing trainings for experts, trainers and local leaders; 2) Workshops for local teams; 3) Meetings of youth leaders with elected local government representatives and parliament members; 4) Educational materials; 5) Preparing and implementation the local programmes of education by each local team; 6) Local meetings with headmasters for promoting local programmes of education; 7) Educational activities with schools, public institutions; 8) Cooperation with all schools at the municipality; 9) Study visit in Poland; 10) Local presentation to spread out the results.

Youth for Transparency

The main aim of the project was to develop attitudes and meet expectations of young citizens in building the transparency and accountability of the public life on the local level, through education and through encouraging community cooperation on local and international levels.

Objectives

  • To engage local authorities and schools in common building and realizing the local policy of public administration monitoring.
  • To present the social control mechanisms in the subject of transparency and ways of corruption prevention for the students.
  • To cooperate with local authorities and schools in developing the local system of getting and disseminating information on the public institution functioning.
  • To build the international experience exchange and means of dissemination social control mechanism through education forum.

 

Target groups and beneficiaries

  • Youth: the project’s direct addressees are young people aged 13-18 years (students of gymnasium schools) in Poland and Lithuania living in places covered by the Programme, those who will one day become full citizens taking part in their local community life, also as the potential clients of offices in their localities (3900 students).
  • Local authorities chosen for the project: direct beneficiaries are local governments invited to co-operation (10 in Poland and 3 in Lithuania) their representatives who, assisted by the planned activities, are expected to build a positive image of the office and to work to improve confidence in public institutions (13 local governments, 65 representatives).
  • Teachers from the schools that will take part in the project: the Programme’s intermediate beneficiaries are also school teachers involved in its implementation and all the residents of counties and municipalities covered by the Programme, who will become addressees of activities carried out by school students and local government staff members (260 teachers).
  • Local community: all inhabitants in those regions where the project will be conducted (3000 adult inhabitants).

 

Coalition for Clean Universities

The CCU project was created as an exercise of watchdog and benchmarking, meant to give a complete image of the academic integrity in Romania.

The project developed an integrity ranking for Romanian state universities by applying an already tested methodology was used in a pilot phase of the same project (October 2007-May 2008, funded by a MATRA-KAP Grant of the Embassy of Netherlands in Bucharest).

External evaluators were selected for monitoring the integrity and transparency of the universities. The project started by mapping out the problems of integrity that exist in the Romanian higher education system, and classified them by categories.

  • the administrative transparency and probity – the publication of accounting documents; publishing income declarations and declarations of interests and those reflecting the status of not being involved in the communist political police; access to public records on acquisitions;
  • academic fairness – plagiarism, performance in research, academic unfolding process;
  • quality of governance – nepotism, involvement of students in decision making, usage of financial grants, filling teaching positions;
  • financial management – discretionary expenditure, managing public acquisitions processes.
  • 42 state universities were evaluated, out of a total of 56, during 3 months. At the end of this programme, the Coalition published the Integrity ranking of Romanian Universities.

The project received the support of the main stakeholders: The Ministry of Education, Research and Youth, Students’ Organisations (ANOSR), Trade Union (Alma Mater), The National Agency for Quality Evaluation in Higher Education (ARACIS), educational NGOs.
The Coalition for Clean Universities is composed of the following:

  • Centre for Independent Journalism (CJI),
  • Pro Democracy Association (APD),
  • Euroregional Centre for Democracy (CED),
  • National Association of Students Organizations from Romania (ANOSR),
  • The Group for Reform in Universities (GRU)
  • Group for Social Dialogue (GDS)
  • Romanian Academic Society (SAR)
  • University Solidarity Association (SU)
  • EduCer Association (EduCer)
  • Ad-Astra Association (Ad Astra)
  • Romanian Society of Political Science (SRSP)
  • FAR Association (FAR)
  • New Europe College Foundation (NEC)

Effectiveness and efficiency in the Romanian school system: a survey (2007-2008)

The project aimed at analyzing the potential of decentralization in the Romanian educational system, providing the basic resources for a comparative study in multiple countries under the coordination of Brookings Institute. The project laid down a three-step analysis.

Step one was to implement a structured questionnaire concerning the budgets of 30 schools and to examine whether there is a connection between the allotted figures and the performance level of each school or the needs of that particular community. Step two consists in the qualitative analysis explaining certain disparities (if there would have been the case) with regard to available resources of different schools or per each student. Finally, conclusions and policy proposals were included in a report and a series of local debates related to this subject was organized.

Lights and Shadows in the Romanian Schools

A resource tracking survey on a sample of 30 Romanian schools reveals interesting trends. Always paraded as a national priority, but poorly researched and understood, the Romanian public education system continues to under-perform and leak resources. Budgets have steadily increased over the last years, but the signs of improvement are still to be seen. This report aims to shed a glimmer of light on the sector. Project sponsored by the Transparency and Accountability Project (TAP), a joint global initiative of Brookings and the Results for Development Institute, Washington DC.

National Anti-Corruption Program- Ukraine

National Anti-Corruption Program

Freedom of Choice Coalition of NGOs of Ukraine Working Group

 

The National Anti-Corruption Program  (hereafter, NAP) is a system of concrete focused activities and projects of NGOs in Ukraine, aimed at curbing and lowering the level of corruption. Within its framework 132 NGOs were working in different regions of the country on about 40 projects aimed at monitoring the Government, providing legal assistance and education to citizens, and promoting the transparency of national and regional governments.

The main task of the NAP is to change society’s attitude to the problem of corruption and the liquidation of the pre-conditions for its existence.

The form and mechanism for the realization of the Program is oriented towards the maximal cooperation with the current system of government structures for combating corruption and utilizing the current anti-corruption laws. It foresees to use a concrete number of measures both quantitative and qualitative during its realization, and to achieve both short and long term goals. An important task of the NAP is to achieve visible results quickly within the realization of the Program.

Anti-corruption education and civic action against corruption in the Sofia University

The project aimed to encourage the dialogue between teachers, student’s organizations and students and engage potential participants in the process in the fight against corruption. Some of the project’s main activities include: 1. introduction of anti-corruption education courses for students in their second and third year of study at the Sofia university – around 150 students from various pedagogical departments; 2. elaboration of anti-corruption educational programs and courses in anti-corruption behavior and corruption fighting in the universities (15 teaching weeks); 3. establishment of an university ombudsman; 4. sociological survey among students and university professors and analytical reports preparation; 5. Round table about the anti-corruption education.

Monitoring of electoral campaign promises

This initiative (monitoring of electoral campaign promises) has been running since 2001 in order to present anti-corruption-oriented proposals of political parties in an unbiased and unpartisan fashion. For this purpose a single-issue coalition of Polish NGOs, called AKOP, was brought to life. AKOP or Antykorupcyjna Koalicja Organizacji Pozarzadowych (Anti-corruption Coalition of Non-governmental Organizations) composes of major domestic NGOs, i.e. Batory Foundation, The Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights, The Foundation for Social Communication, Center for Citizenship Education, The Association of Leaders of Local Civic Groups. The latter two joined AKOP in 2005.
It began with monitoring of the parliamentary electoral campaign in 2001 in order to hold politicians accountable to their electoral promises pertaining to fight against corruption. Since then on before every parliamentary election (2005, 2007) AKOP has been asking political parties about their position on issues related to anti-corruption and substantial measures that a party would take during the new term. Then those promises have been published on the organization website and the coalition has been elaborating annual reports on fulfilling promised targets and actions.
Additionally to the electoral promises monitoring, AKOP also keep tracking the developments in the law-making arena. It submits its remarks on legislative projects that are important for the anti-corruption sphere. The coalition also issues statements on government’s (non-)implementation of anti-corruption strategies/plans. By and large, the AKOP is a watch dog of activities and declaration aimed against corruption that happens at the political level.

Ethic promotion and fight against corruption

Project aims :
To develop anti-corruption programme and methodical recommendations for the universities students from six Bosnia and Herzegovina universities;
To introduce developed programme and methodical recommendations to the Ministries of Education at all the BiH governance levels;
To test anti-corruption education strategies and methods at the universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina;
To support the programmes and standards of education by promoting democratic values and attitudes;
To demonstrate possibilities of fight against corruption;
To raise awareness among youth about the character, spread, and impact of corruption;
To establish networks facilitating the creation of a permanent international youth forum that ensures sustainability in the global fight against corruption by creatingm the next generation of corruption fighters;
To add new momentum to the existing anti-corruption movement.
Project objectives :
To train student’s and profesor’s further responsible for the dissemination activities;
To educate student’s about National Integrity System, and give the best input for political science, civic education, history, ethics, psychology and informations;
To introduce the concept of corruption, its causes and effects (knowledge);
To motivate student’s for the fight against corruption;
To lay the foundation for the recruitment of the next generation of corruption fighters by informing youth about the dangers of an omnipresent and unconstraint corruption for their future and showing them a way to contribute to initiatives that try to change this situation;
To endorse the creation of a youth-run global network against corruption that adds new impetus to existing anti-corruption initiatives through fresh and original perspectives and enthusiasm of the next generation;
To train them in possible counter measures through the participation in key workshops, online discussions and networks with civil society;
To design an action plan together with student participants that steers follow-up initiatives and creates sustainable networks among youth, TI, universities, local and regional organizations.